I'm pretty sure that I can't help but the rhs of your attachment looks like a browser rather than anything that Thunderbird has produced. The lhs looks like the TB interface for the email account (which, I assume, has the passwords greyed out before sending)?

Thanks for responding. The lhs is indeed TB interface, while the rhs is a window that TB pops out for OAuth2. I tried to copy the link address shown in rth window to a standalone browser and then I can see the login fields, except the standalone browser could not talk back to TB for authentication. The rhs window popped out by TB somehow got stuck and could not show the login fields, without offering any information how to fix it.

I greyed out the username fields for privacy purpose, even though my outlook account already has numerous unsuccessful login attempts from all over the world everyday. LOL

Thanks!

The rhs window popped out by TB somehow got stuck and could not show the login fields, without offering any information how to fix it.

Your server settings look good. Make sure cookies are enabled in Thunderbird. Also see https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/microsoft-oauth-authentication-and-thunderbird-202

What is your anti-virus software?

I tried to copy the link address shown in rth window to a standalone browser and then I can see the login fields, except the standalone browser could not talk back to TB for authentication.

As you found out this won't work. Thunderbird has got nothing to do with your browser.

I checked out the support article and the cookies were enabled. But it did not help.

BTW, the same TB setup worked well for a long time (using TB 102.15.1) so I guess the problem falls on Microsoft/outlook side but only TB knows what is needed and what might go wrong when such breakdown happens. :)

BTW, I am using Windows 10 w/ default M$ Virus & threat protection.

Thanks again.

Are you using a VPN?

Are you running a local web server, or anything else which might use TCP port 80 on your machine?

Wrt anti-virus, try to start Windows 10 in safe mode with networking enabled.

Does the problem go away?

Windows safe mode disables anti-virus software. This is a troubleshooting step, not a solution.