I would back up the whole drive to at least one external drive and make incremental back-ups regularly. I rotate my back-ups off site too.

This way, you will have files in their native formats, not compressed in zip files that may not be reliable. And you will have all your data and documents, not just e-mail messages.

Before any service or big change or software update, make another back-up.

I do not use Windows, so I don’t know how to do this with Windows. But Windows comes with a back-up utility that should be able to do everything that you need.

Low-end approach if you don’t have big storage requirements: use File Explorer to copy everything important onto one or more flash drives. Repeat regularly.

I copy all my Documents to external hard drives on a daily basis (it was set up to run automatically via Microsoft's SyncToy App) - however SyncToy doesn't work on Windows 11 so I need to find another solution.

However whilst that back-up process covered all my photos, videos, Microsoft office documents etc, it doesn't cover emails, as the Thunderbird profile is not stored in Documents but in C Users App Data.

I guess a lesson here is to include my live profile as part of the back-up routine (once I have found a replacement for SyncToy) but obviously it looks like my plan to export the email data has failed totally and I am devastated.

Rick gave good advice. I also periodically do full hard drive backup and weekly for thunderbird. Never use the export tool until it is more reliable (although the tools>IMPORT seems to work well). Here are the basic steps:

here is the info in brief steps: BACKUP

1. ensure thunderbird is not running
2. enter %appdata% in search window on task bar and press Enter key
3. this should open windows file explorer in Appdata\roaming folder
4. highlight the Thunderbird folder and copy to external media

RESTORE

1. ensure thunderbird is installed and NOT running
2. enter %appdata% in search window on task bar and press Enter key
3. you should be in Appdata\roaming folder , copy&paste the exported Thunderbird folder there. This may prompt to overwrite an existing folder of same name. allow it
4. start thunderbird and all should be there

One more thought. Never rely on a backup strategy until you've tested it. I regularly see users posting,having used backups created with proprietary backup software that doesn't work. One of the big problems in doing backups is that many backup products do the backup while Thunderbird is running, and that produces a corrupt backup.

Many thanks both...it appears that the Export routine will only work with small files (2Gb or below) and anything larger will result in a file that cannot be used. You always learn these things the hard way, and sadly it seems the Local Folders in the export file I had created only contains blocks of general emails in and around 2020-2021 and not the files that were in those local folders...it's a totally corrupted file, as is the previous two export files I did.

Thanks for the guidance on best practices...it all makes total sense...and if I had realised Thunderbird's own tool for exporting a profile was flawed I wouldn't have relied on it. I would have understood it if I had used third party software to run the export, but it's down to the tool within the software itself. It's no good having an import routine that works if the export routine is flawed.

Clearly the best approach here as you have both stated is regular back-ups of the original Profile in App data/Roaming...I will factor that into my new routines and put this down to experience...it's a hard way to learn as I have lost all the emails I have ever saved for permanent records.

Hi David, I've seen your first screen shot with the contents of the file folder "David's Archive.sbd". Unfortunately it only displays files up to the letter C! Can you tell me whether it also contains mbox files with the names "Fault Calls and Repairs" and "Inbox"? These mbox files (even empty) are necessary to display the sub-folders contained in "Fault Calls and Repairs.sbd" and "Inbox.sbd". It's the same for the contents of "Local Folders" from which I would like to see a screen shot. Do they contain a mbox file "David's Archive" and "Inbox"? I think that your folder hierarchy in Local Folders has been damaged and maybe it's just a history of missing mbox files for file folders such as "David" Archive.sbd".

I know that some cleaning tools delete empty files (0 kB) and when these empty mbox files belong to *.sbd file folder with the same name all the hierarchy below tumbles down, even if the message files are still there.

Thanks Mapenzi...

I have attached a few images showing the 'Local Folders' file structure along with screen grabs that include Fault Calls and Repairs...all the local folders have the two necessary files (index file and mbox) so I don't think there is anything missing as such...I just think the problem is that the export file was based on a profile that was too large (19Gb) and ended up being garbage.

As you state, it looks like the hierarchy of the Local Folders area was damaged in the export process.

Obviously I just wished I had taking a back up of the Profile, rather than relying on the export function, but these things are easy in hindsight.

I think you misunderstood me or I misunderstand you since I don't know which folders and/or which messages are missing in your Local Folders. You show a screen shot of the folder pane with Local Folders and its folders/sub-folders. So nothing is missing and you already have repaired the original Local Folders' hierarchy?

To clarify, the folders are all there - but Thunderbird doesn't show any emails...it refuses to display them (or cannot recognise they exist) - so in Thunderbolt all those local folders are empty. See pasted image.

However, all the forensic work I have done on the mbox folders indicate that the content is NOT the content of the original folders but instead a load of emails from random dates in (mainly) 2020 and 2021. It appears that the incorrect mbox folders are a result of a corrupted export run. Even if Thunderbird could read the files, the emails there won't be the right ones!

Thank you for your explanations. For me it's difficult to accepts this situation since I don't give up easily.

Let's take the exemple of the "ACT-SJHT" folder respectively the "ACT-SJHT" file in the "David's Archive.sbd" file folder. The "ACT-SJHT" file has a size of 659 MB and the correspondent "ACT-SJHT.msf" index file a ridiculous size of just 2 kB!! This is the size of a virgin .msf file. Your ACT-SJHT.msf file should have a size of at least between 5 to 10 MB compared to the big size of the correspondent mbox file ACT-SJHT!

TB shut down delete the ACT-SJHT.msf file and restart TB. What happens with the ACT-SJHT folder in Local Folders in the folder pane? Does it display messages now?

Go, Mapenzi! I suggested repairing folders early on for similar reasons. David reported that repairing did nothing. I am eager to see how this turns out.