There should be a little caret (twisty) just to the right of the words "Save to PDF." click that caret to see the other options, as in my screenshot.

Nope. The caret does not appear there for me.

Can you print from both a text editor (e.g., Notepad) file and a word processor (e.g., Word or Writer) file?

Does it make any difference if you clear saved print settings from Help/More Troubleshooting (bottom of page), then restart TB? Can you print in safe/troubleshoot mode (hold Shift when launching TB)?

I am able to print when in safe/troubleshoot mode.

As you can see in the kb article, you probably have an incompatible add-on, a broken layout (reset toolbars & controls) or incorrect hardware acceleration setting (disable it in Settings/General).