Who is the mail provider? It may be that the password is correct, but the authentication method is wrong, or you need to use an app password or secure mail key (AT&T). Remove any obsolete passwords from Saved Passwords in Options.

Thanks for reply "sfhowes". Your suggestion was partially helpful. I found the problem that Thunderbird registers data in other places, not only in profiles, but other subdirectories. Therefore, the solution is to purge all the files one can find from all previous installations. Lookup all files named "Thunderbird" and delete from system. Otherwise, the old installations will interfere with the new ones. That is the reason why newer versions did not work, they found the old files.